DEPENDENCE: Learners are interdependent. They identify the potential to learn from novel experiences as a matter of course. They are able to manage their own learning.

RESOURCES FOR LEARNING: Teacher provides some resources, but the learner decides the path by negotiating the learning.

REASONS FOR LEARNING: Learning is not necessarily planned or linear. Learning is not necessarily based on need but on the identification of the potential to learn in novel situations.

FOCUS OF LEARNING: Learners can go beyond problem solving by enabling pro-activity. Learners use their own and others’ experiences and internal processes such as reflection, environmental scanning, experience, interaction with others, and pro-active as well a problem-solving behaviors.

MOTIVATION: Self-efficacy, knowing how to learn, creativity, ability to use these qualities in novel as well as situations, and working with others.

ROLE OF THE TEACHER: Develop the learner’s capability. Capable people: Know how to learn Are creative Have a high degree of self- efficacy Apply competencies in novel as well as familiar situations Can work well with others